As far as I know, there's no VS Code setting that makes it understand JSDoc comments inside functions rather than outside-and-before them. (From doing a simple search of VS Code's settings which include "jsdoc" in their names).
And from JSDoc's intro docs, I'm getting the impression that that wouldn't be valid JSDoc anyway:
JSDoc comments should generally be placed immediately before the code being documented.
From a quick skim of JSDoc's configuration docs and commandline argument docs, I didn't see anything that looked like such a setting at the JSDoc level either (if something's not supported/valid in JSDoc, I wouldn't expect it to be supported/valid VS Code's JSDoc IntelliSense either).
I'm guessing you're coming from Python? I say just get used to it.