I am trying to build a simple HelloWorld application with stripped symbols. Compilation succeeds but when I try to execute it I get "Killed: 9" message (I am running MacOS).
compile command:
rustc main.rs -o main_stripped -C strip=symbols
main.rs file:
fn main() {
println!("Hello, world!");
}
Here is my environment information:
Rust
$ rustup show
Default host: aarch64-apple-darwin
rustup home: /Users/<user>/.rustup
installed toolchains
--------------------
stable-aarch64-apple-darwin (default)
nightly-aarch64-apple-darwin
installed targets for active toolchain
--------------------------------------
aarch64-apple-darwin
wasm32-unknown-unknown
active toolchain
----------------
stable-aarch64-apple-darwin (default)
rustc 1.65.0 (897e37553 2022-11-02)
HW and OS
- Model: MacBook Pro
- Model Indentifier: MacBookPro18,2
- Chip: Apple M1 Max
- Total Number of Cores: 10 (8 performance and 2 efficiency)
- System Version: macOS Ventura 13.0.1 (22A400)
What I tried so far...
dtrace/dtruss
received below output:
sudo dtruss ./main_stripped
dtrace: failed to execute ./main_stripped: Malformed Mach-o file
compile without stripping
rustc main.rs -o main
I am able to run main binary
inspect both binaries
$ file main_stripped
main_strip: Mach-O executable arm64
$
$ otool -h main_stripped
Mach header
magic cputype cpusubtype caps filetype ncmds sizeofcmds flags
0xfeedface 16777228 0 0x00 2 10 1440 0x00a00085
$ file main
main: Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64
$
$
$ otool -h main
main:
Mach header
magic cputype cpusubtype caps filetype ncmds sizeofcmds flags
0xfeedfacf 16777228 0 0x00 2 20 1960 0x00a00085
$
noticed a differences:
| binary | file | magic |
|---|---|---|
| main_stripped | Mach-O executable arm64 | 0xfeedface |
| main | Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64 | 0xfeedfacf |
According to mach-o/loader.h the magic 0xfeedface refers to 32-bit architecture.
So for some reason architecture has changed to 32-bit when using strip=symbols...
strip symbols using another command
tried strip command from GNU binutils 2.39 package
$ strip -v --strip-debug -o main_stripped_2 main
copy from `main' [mach-o-arm64] to `main_stripped_2' [mach-o-arm64]
as a result I have received main_stripped_2 which had also incorrect 32-bit architecture..
$ file main_stripped_2
main_stripped_2: Mach-O executable arm64
$
$ otool -h main_stripped_2
main_stripped_2:
Mach header
magic cputype cpusubtype caps filetype ncmds sizeofcmds flags
0xfeedface 16777228 0 0x00 2 12 1544 0x00a00085
tried llvm-strip command from LLVM version 15.0.5
$ llvm-strip -s -o main_stripped_3 main
as a result I have received main_stripped_3 with correct 64-bit architecture and was able to run. However, I am not sure what can I do with this information to fix my problem.
$ file main_stripped_3
main_stripped_3: Mach-O 64-bit executable arm64
try another linker
Tried to used different linkers: zld or mold
rustc main.rs -o main_strip_mold -C strip=debuginfo -C link-arg=-fuse-ld=/opt/homebrew/bin/ld64.mold
again I have received binary in 32-bit architecture
$ file main_strip_mold
main_strip_mold: Mach-O executable arm64
$
$ otool -h main_strip_mold
main_strip_mold:
Mach header
magic cputype cpusubtype caps filetype ncmds sizeofcmds flags
0xfeedface 16777228 0 0x00 2 15 2104 0x00a00085
above steps work fine on another MacBook with below specs
- Model: MacBook Pro
- Model Indentifier: MacBookPro18,3
- Chip: Apple M1 Pro
- Total Number of Cores: 8 (6 performance and 2 efficiency)
- System Version: macOS Monterey
What is different is chip and system version, but not sure if this is relevant to my problem.
Does anyone have a clue what could be the root cause of my problem and how to fix it?
