How to use sscanf where delimiter is stored in variable

Question

I have a C program that gets the input file delimiter as an argument from the user and stores it in a char. I then need to sscanf the input file based on that delimiter that the user has specified.
Is this possible?

Pseudo code:

char delim = getchar( );
....

// Read input file
while(fgets(buf, sizeof buf, in_fp)){
    sscanf(buf, "%d[delim]%c[delim]%s", &id, &sex, &dob);
}

You need to use `sprintf` family to create the final format string, then use it with `sscanf`. — wohlstad, Oct 11 '22 at 16:29
Why do you need to do this? This sounds like kind of a strange constraint. Is this a programming assignment where you've been told which library functions you may and may not use? Normally, the way to break a line up into fields, based on a programmable delimiter, would involve `strtok`. — Steve Summit, Oct 11 '22 at 17:50

wohlstad · Accepted Answer · 2022-10-12T07:21:56.350

You can use sprintf to create the format string for sscanf (my_fmt_string):

char my_fmt_string[32];
sprintf(my_fmt_string, "%%d%c%%c%c%%s", delim, delim);

Note that we use %% in places where we need the format string to contain the % character itself for sscanf.

Then use my_fmt_string instead of the string literal:

while (fgets(buf, sizeof buf, in_fp)) 
{
    /*----------vvvvvvvvvvvvv-----------------*/
    sscanf(buf, my_fmt_string, &id, &sex, &dob);
}

A Final Note:
My answer above is marely attempting to answer the narrow question of dynamic formating.
But in order to use sscanf properly, you have to verify it succeeded by inspecting the return value. It should be the number of fields parsed (3 in this case):

if (sscanf(buf, my_fmt_string, &id, &sex, &dob) != 3) { /* handle error */ }

How to use sscanf where delimiter is stored in variable

1 Answers1