To get billing properties of your B2C tenant, you need to use query like below:
GET https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.AzureActiveDirectory/b2cDirectories/{resourceName}?api-version=2019-01-01-preview
I tried to reproduce the same in my environment and got below results:
I registered one Azure AD application and added API permissions as below:

Make sure to enable tokens
if you are using implicit flow to acquire access token like below:

To get the access token, I made Authorization request
in browser like below:
https://login.microsoftonline.com/<tenant_ID>/oauth2/v2.0/authorize?
client_id=74b2a1ba-xxxx-4xxc-axx1-c2xxxxxxxx
&response_type=token
&redirect_uri=https://jwt.ms
&scope=https://management.azure.com/user_impersonation
&response_mode=fragment
&state=12345
&nonce=678910
When I ran the above request, I got the token in the address bar as below:

I executed the query via Postman and got the billing properties of my B2C tenant
successfully like below:
GET https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroupName}/providers/Microsoft.AzureActiveDirectory/b2cDirectories/{b2ctenantdomain}?api-version=2019-01-01-preview
Response:

UPDATE
To get the details like the resource group
in which B2C tenant is created, you can run below PowerShell command:
Get-AzResource -Name tenantname.onmicrosoft.com
Response:
