UniVerse does not support CASE other than within BASIC but it can be done in UniVerseSQL and RetrieVe by using EVAL of RetrieVe's IF THEN ELSE construct. Everything in the EVAL argument must be RetrieVe syntax.
SQL
SELECT EVAL 'IF DICTname = 1 THEN "A" ELSE "B"' FROM VOCname
or
SELECT EVAL "IF DICTname = 1 THEN 'A' ELSE 'B'" FROM VOCname
RetrieVe
LIST VOCname EVAL "IF DICTname = 1 THEN 'A' ELSE 'B'"
BTW Unless otherwise overridden with a FMT, EVAL will cast the THEN and ELSE values to match the DICTname datatype if it can. So, for example, testing a DICTname configured as a date will result in a date if integers are used for THEN and ELSE.