There an be a few different reasons for this, but most likely, you installed Visual Studio, but since you can pick workloads, you forgot to pick the C++ desktop development workload.
Open the "Visual Studio Installer", pick "Modify" and make sure it includes "Desktop Development with C++". This is probably missing, so install it. Don't forget to reboot.
If it's still not working, open the "Individual Components" tab in the installer and make sure "Visual C++ tools for CMake" is checked.
Also... run flutter doctor
. Your installer screenshots are from Visual Studio 2022, so it should say
[√] Visual Studio - develop for Windows (Visual Studio Community 2022 17.0.3)
If it doesn't... did you have 2019 before and didn't properly deinstall it? Or maybe you have both but are looking in the 2022 installer while it's missing in 2019?