Yes this works with Kedro. You're actually pointing a really old version of the docs, nowadays all filesystem based datasets in Kedro use fsspec under the hood which means they work with S3, HDFS, local and many more filesystems seamlessly.
The ADLS Gen2 is supported by ffspec
via the underlying adlfs
library which is documented here.
From a Kedro point of view all you need to do is declare your catalog entry like so:
motorbikes:
type: pandas.CSVDataSet
filepath: abfs://your_bucket/data/02_intermediate/company/motorbikes.csv
credentials: dev_az
We also have more examples here, particularly example 15.