Convert a pandas dataframe to geoTIFF (python)

Question

I have a pandas df with X/Y and lat/lon coordinates.

I want to convert the data frame using lat/lon columns and store the TIFF image in WGS84 CRS.

Thanks

Answer 1

A couple package recommendations for you: xarray and rioxarray.

xarray is pydata's solution to labeled N-dimensional arrays (think pandas but in 3+ dimensions, or think numpy ND-arrays but with pandas indices rather than just positional indices).

rioxarray is an extension package combining xarray with rasterio, giving the ability to read and write raster files including GeoTIFFs. rioxarray has docs on converting xarray DataArrays to rasters. See also the API docs for converting RasterArray and RasterDataset objects to rasters.

In your case, assuming your orthogonal dimensions are (lat, lon) and that model_lat and model_lon are in fact indexed by both lat and lon (e.g. they're in a 3D projection), and that res is the band you'd like to encode, your result would look something like this:

import xarray as xr
import rioxarray

da = df.set_index(['lat', 'lon']).to_xarray()

# promote the data variables model lat/long to 2d coordinates
da = da.set_coords(['model_lat', 'model_long'])

da.res.rio.to_raster(filepath)