(This is a resource for anyone who needs it!)
I spent hours trying to figure out an error that happens when using Dokku on an Amazon EC2, which is that you can't push to the remote Dokku repository: permission denied.
I've tried to generate new SSH keys, using the CLI instead of the installation guide locally hosted on first install, to no avail. There are other solutions to this problem that I've tried and that haven't worked, so for people looking for a last resort, here it is!