In Oracle, when you connect, you connect as user. This user has its own workspace called "schema". Hence, user = schema. What you see in Sql Developer is your connection as specific user and all the objects under this user's schema. So, connection there is just a saved set of connection parameters, such as server, schema, user, password, type of connection, etc
Database is a bunch of files where your data is stored. Then at runtime, instance of that database is created in memory - this is what you connect to. You can't connect to the database, although, commonly people do say "connected to the oracle database". If you connect as system
user, you can have access to many schemas. You, as user or schema, can be given permissions to access other schemas as well
"When creating the connections, the only thing that I ever entered differently was the name/username/and password section."
Out of name/username/password
- on the picture I see only name (connection name), which is arbitrary, and is not part of database. username
is part of database. And if your username
is different in each connection, you're connected to different schemas.