Have a look at the documentation, it provides an example using curl:
https://cloud.google.com/speech-to-text/docs/quickstart-protocol
You need to create a Project and a Service Account belonging to the project in order to bind your requests to a potentially billable resource.
You can then use Application Default Credentials for the Service Account, with curl, you'll need to gcloud auth application-default login
(using the Service Account) and then gcloud auth application-default print-access-token
to get a bearer token for curl.
2021-01-11 Update
Here are the full steps:
PROJECT=[[YOUR-PROJECT]]
BILLING=[[YOUR-BILLING]]
ACCOUNT=[[YOUR-ACCOUNT]] # e.g. roboto
ADDRESS=${ROBOT}@${PROJECT}.iam.gserviceaccount.com
gcloud projects create ${PROJECT}
gcloud beta billing projects link ${PROJECT} \
--billing-account=${BILLING}
# Enable speech-to-text service
gcloud services enable speech.googleapis.com \
--project=${PROJECT}
# Create Service Account
gcloud iam service-accounts create ${ACCOUNT} \
--project=${PROJECT}
# NB The Account needs no roles|permissions
# Create Service Account Key
gcloud iam service-accounts keys create ./${ROBOT}.json \
--iam-account=${EMAIL} \
--project=${PROJECT}
# Export for Application Default Creds
export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS="${PWD}/${ROBOT}.json"
# Call it
TOKEN=$(gcloud auth application-default print-access-token)
curl \
--silent \
--header "Content-Type: application/json" \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
https://speech.googleapis.com/v1/speech:recognize \
--data '{ "config": { "encoding":"FLAC", "sampleRateHertz": 16000, "languageCode": "en-US", "enableWordTimeOffsets": false }, "audio": { "uri":"gs://cloud-samples-tests/speech/brooklyn.flac" } }'
Yields:
{
"results": [
{
"alternatives": [
{
"transcript": "how old is the Brooklyn Bridge",
"confidence": 0.9823954
}
]
}
]
}