I'm not yet an expert on NoSQL, but I am also blessed with a 32-bit Raspbian and therefore can not use MongoDB (except for Atlas - i.e. running the DB on somebody else's machine instead of your Pi: https://www.mongodb.com/try).
Introduction
First of all, there are different flavours of NoSQL: document, key-value, wide column etc. This means that Redis is not a drop-in replacement for Mongo - it's a different approach, which may be better at some things and worse at other. There is the issue of CAP Theorem.
I first thought I might build MongoDB from source on the Raspberry, but it needs some 13 GB of free storage (and 600 GB for "install all"), so I'm not trying to build it. The sources are only some 100 MB, so I'd have to wait for GCC to emit 12.9 GB of object code on the BCM2835 - this would last forever. (and you need GCC 8.2 and my Raspian has only 6.3... C++17).
One Document DB option
If you want some similarity to Mongo, you can look at Couch DB (and relax).
Here is a prescription to build it: https://github.com/jguillod/couchdb-on-raspberry-pi
It can be even a bit simpler than that, after your system is fully updated:
sudo apt install --no-install-recommends -y build-essential pkg-config erlang libicu-dev libmozjs185-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev
# download apache-couchdb-2.3.1.tar.gz
# from: http://couchdb.apache.org/#download
# click the version for direct mirror URL
tar xf apache-couchdb-2.3.1.tar.gz
cd apache-couchdb-2.3.1
./configure
make release
(The 3.x version didn't want to build properly - i.e. the ./configure
ran quick, but make
produced nothing...).
This is already a working build of CouchDB, you can run it with:
./rel/couchdb/bin/couchdb
But it's better to e.g. create a separate user for Couch, and run it as a systemd
service, etc. (Configure a password, put it behind an SSL-enabled reverse proxy, and all).