Laravel relationship custom key

Question

I'm new in Laravel about a few weeks and now I'm currently learning Relationship task. I have been searching related topics about it but I don't have a clue why my code is not working.

I have 2 tables Employee & Phone:

Employee:

ID int
Name varchar
Age int
Position varchar
Address varchar
created_at timestamp
update_at timestamp
deleted_at timestamp

Phone:

ID int
No varchar
Employee_ID int

I'm using Laravel v.8

Models: PhoneS.php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class PhoneS extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    protected $table = "Phone";
 
    public function EmployeeS()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('App\Models\EmployeeS', 'Employee_ID', 'ID');
    }
}

Models: EmployeeS.php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class EmployeeS extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;

    protected $table = "Employee";
    
    public function PhoneS()
    {
        return $this->hasOne('App\Models\PhoneS', 'Employee_ID', 'ID' );
    }
}

Controller: Phone.php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;
 
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 
 use App\Models\EmployeeS;
 
 class Employee extends Controller {
     public function index()
     {
         $EmployeeS = EmployeeS::all();
         return $EmployeeS;     
         
     }
 }

The result:

[
{
    "ID": 1,
    "Name": "John",
    "Age": 26,
    "Position": "IT",
    "Address": "Boulevard street",
    "created_at": null,
    "updated_at": null,
    "deleted_at": null
},
{
    "ID": 2,
    "Name": "Doe",
    "Age": 25,
    "Position": "Acc",
    "Address": "Avenue street",
    "created_at": null,
    "updated_at": null,
    "deleted_at": null
},
...
...
]

There's no field: PhoneS there...
and when I try to access it with: return $EmployeeS->PhoneS, it gives error message:

Exception
Property [PhoneS] does not exist on this collection instance.

Can anyone let me know what happen?
I believe there's something I missed about Laravel Relationship concept.
Can you pointing me where I got missed?

Thanx in advance..

Welcome to SO ... `EmployeeS::all();` to `EmployeeS::with('PhoneS')->get();` — Kamlesh Paul, Dec 04 '20 at 05:03
Check [this](https://github.com/alexeymezenin/laravel-best-practices), you'll have a lot less headache with unforced errors if you follow advised standard. — Tpojka, Dec 04 '20 at 05:29

score 1 · Answer 1 · answered Dec 04 '20 at 05:09

EmployeeS::all() will return a collection of EmployeeS objects representing database records

So $EmployeeS->PhoneS will not work as it is like trying to access related model on a collection - hence the error you are getting

$EmployeeS = EmployeeS::all(); //$EmployeeS is a collection

foreach($EmployeeS as $employee) {
    //Iterating over each object in collection
    echo $employee->PhoneS //this will work
}

However if you are going to need the related record then it's better to eager load the relation to avoid N+1 queries issue

$Employee::with('PhoneS')->all();

Nice... It works like a charm. Thanks! But why when I'm using: $EmployeeS[0], there is no Phone field. But I can access it by using: $EmployeeS[0]->Phone — delphi7, Dec 04 '20 at 06:26

Laravel relationship custom key

1 Answers1