That was requested before (for Github to provide a sha256 checksum alongside their release assets), but this is not yet available.
Some projects are adding an additional asset representing the checksum, as in coreybutler/nvm-windows
releases tag 1.1.7
Git for Windows releases adds a SHA-256 table for all its release:
Git-2.28.0-32-bit.exe 9b83b16f1d73212492f21d9bffe41c4b5ce8393a356af96bf8271652c04dfe8f
So you can control the integrity of your downloaded artifact that way.
And, as mentioned here, those exe are signed as well, which means you can use SignTools.exe to check that signature.