I want to compile java classes in runtime in parallel. Since it takes time to compile them sequentially.
I used OpenHFT/Java-Runtime-Compiler (https://github.com/OpenHFT/Java-Runtime-Compiler, version 2.3.6) to compile and load java classes in runtime.
The result are: Sometimes it works, Sometimes I get LinkageError, Sometime I get ClassNotFoundException, and Sometimes I get ConcurrentModificationException.
Code:
import net.openhft.compiler.CompilerUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.IntStream;
public class ParallelCompilationTest {
@Test
public void testParallelCompilation() {
int parallelism = 10;
List<String> classes = IntStream.range(0, parallelism)
.mapToObj(this::createJavaClassCode)
.collect(Collectors.toList());
List<Class> compiledClasses = IntStream.range(0, parallelism)
.parallel()
.mapToObj(i -> loadFromJava(classes, i))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
compiledClasses.forEach(System.out::println);
}
private String createJavaClassCode(int i) {
String codeTemplate = "package mypackage;\n" +
"public class MyClass[SUFFIX] {}";
String code = codeTemplate.replace("[SUFFIX]", i + "");
return code;
}
private Class loadFromJava(List<String> classes, int i) {
try {
return CompilerUtils.CACHED_COMPILER.loadFromJava("mypackage.MyClass" + i, classes.get(i));
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
When it works:
class mypackage.MyClass0
class mypackage.MyClass1
class mypackage.MyClass2
class mypackage.MyClass3
class mypackage.MyClass4
class mypackage.MyClass5
class mypackage.MyClass6
class mypackage.MyClass7
class mypackage.MyClass8
class mypackage.MyClass9
LinkageError:
java.lang.AssertionError
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.getThrowableException(ForkJoinTask.java:598)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.reportException(ForkJoinTask.java:677)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.invoke(ForkJoinTask.java:735)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateParallel(ReduceOps.java:714)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:233)
at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)
at ParallelCompilationTest.testParallelCompilation(ParallelCompilationTest.java:27)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.lang.AssertionError: java.lang.LinkageError: loader (instance of sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader): attempted duplicate class definition for name: "mypackage/MyClass7"
at net.openhft.compiler.CompilerUtils.defineClass(CompilerUtils.java:164)
at net.openhft.compiler.CachedCompiler.loadFromJava(CachedCompiler.java:157)
at net.openhft.compiler.CachedCompiler.loadFromJava(CachedCompiler.java:70)
at ParallelCompilationTest.lambda$testParallelCompilation$0(ParallelCompilationTest.java:22)
at java.util.stream.IntPipeline$4$1.accept(IntPipeline.java:250)
at java.util.stream.Streams$RangeIntSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:110)
at java.util.Spliterator$OfInt.forEachRemaining(Spliterator.java:693)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceTask.doLeaf(ReduceOps.java:747)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceTask.doLeaf(ReduceOps.java:721)
at java.util.stream.AbstractTask.compute(AbstractTask.java:316)
at java.util.concurrent.CountedCompleter.exec(CountedCompleter.java:731)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:289)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1056)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1692)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:157)
Caused by: java.lang.LinkageError: loader (instance of sun/misc/Launcher$AppClassLoader): attempted duplicate class definition for name: "mypackage/MyClass7"
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:642)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at net.openhft.compiler.CompilerUtils.defineClass(CompilerUtils.java:159)
... 16 more
ClassNotFoundException:
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: mypackage.MyClass1
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.getThrowableException(ForkJoinTask.java:593)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.reportException(ForkJoinTask.java:677)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.invoke(ForkJoinTask.java:735)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateParallel(ReduceOps.java:714)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:233)
at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)
at ParallelCompilationTest.testParallelCompilation(ParallelCompilationTest.java:27)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: mypackage.MyClass1
at ParallelCompilationTest.lambda$testParallelCompilation$0(ParallelCompilationTest.java:24)
at java.util.stream.IntPipeline$4$1.accept(IntPipeline.java:250)
at java.util.stream.Streams$RangeIntSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:110)
at java.util.Spliterator$OfInt.forEachRemaining(Spliterator.java:693)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceTask.doLeaf(ReduceOps.java:747)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceTask.doLeaf(ReduceOps.java:721)
at java.util.stream.AbstractTask.compute(AbstractTask.java:316)
at java.util.concurrent.CountedCompleter.exec(CountedCompleter.java:731)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:289)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1056)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1692)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:157)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: mypackage.MyClass1
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:335)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
at net.openhft.compiler.CachedCompiler.loadFromJava(CachedCompiler.java:163)
at net.openhft.compiler.CachedCompiler.loadFromJava(CachedCompiler.java:70)
at ParallelCompilationTest.lambda$testParallelCompilation$0(ParallelCompilationTest.java:22)
... 13 more
ConcurrentModificationException:
java.util.ConcurrentModificationException
: java.util.ConcurrentModificationException
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.getThrowableException(ForkJoinTask.java:593)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.reportException(ForkJoinTask.java:677)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.invoke(ForkJoinTask.java:735)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateParallel(ReduceOps.java:714)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:233)
at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)
at ParallelCompilationTest.testParallelCompilation(ParallelCompilationTest.java:27)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: java.util.ConcurrentModificationException
at java.util.HashMap$HashIterator.nextNode(HashMap.java:1437)
at java.util.HashMap$ValueIterator.next(HashMap.java:1466)
at com.sun.tools.javac.api.ClientCodeWrapper.wrapJavaFileObjects(ClientCodeWrapper.java:140)
at com.sun.tools.javac.api.JavacTool.getTask(JavacTool.java:132)
at com.sun.tools.javac.api.JavacTool.getTask(JavacTool.java:107)
at com.sun.tools.javac.api.JavacTool.getTask(JavacTool.java:64)
at net.openhft.compiler.CachedCompiler.compileFromJava(CachedCompiler.java:101)
at net.openhft.compiler.CachedCompiler.loadFromJava(CachedCompiler.java:143)
at net.openhft.compiler.CachedCompiler.loadFromJava(CachedCompiler.java:70)
at ParallelCompilationTest.lambda$testParallelCompilation$0(ParallelCompilationTest.java:22)
at java.util.stream.IntPipeline$4$1.accept(IntPipeline.java:250)
at java.util.stream.Streams$RangeIntSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:110)
at java.util.Spliterator$OfInt.forEachRemaining(Spliterator.java:693)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:481)
at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:471)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceTask.doLeaf(ReduceOps.java:747)
at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceTask.doLeaf(ReduceOps.java:721)
at java.util.stream.AbstractTask.compute(AbstractTask.java:316)
at java.util.concurrent.CountedCompleter.exec(CountedCompleter.java:731)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:289)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1056)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1692)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:157)
How can I compile classes in parallel?
