It's just something that means "in the pattern of", or "as you would reasonably expect given the established pattern". In this particular case -
is the counterpart to +
, though there are other pairs like this throughout C.
It means you can do +2
as well as -2
and both work. It would be odd, or asymmetric, if +2
was somehow a syntax error. In fact, in K&R C there are a lot of odd things that were later ironed out in the standardization process. This appears to have been one of them.
You don't really need a unary +
operator, you can just omit the +
and the code compiles fine, but by the same logic you don't need a unary -
either, you can always do 0 - 5
instead of -5
, though an oversight like this would seem ridiculous.