Well, the first thing is that SQL Developer will export the rows as insert statements using ANSI SQL, so normally it should work. However, you must take in consideration the data type conversion, because the export as insert is intended to use in another Oracle database.
Here you can see the possible conversions on data types between Oracle and PostgreSQL.
Oracle type Possible PostgreSQL types
CHAR char, varchar, text
NCHAR char, varchar, text
VARCHAR char, varchar, text
VARCHAR2 char, varchar, text, json
NVARCHAR2 char, varchar, text
CLOB char, varchar, text, json
LONG char, varchar, text
RAW uuid, bytea
BLOB bytea
BFILE bytea (read-only)
LONG RAW bytea
NUMBER numeric, float4, float8, char, varchar, text
NUMBER(n,m) with m<=0 numeric, float4, float8, int2, int4, int8,boolean, char, varchar, text
FLOAT numeric, float4, float8, char, varchar, text
BINARY_FLOAT numeric, float4, float8, char, varchar, text
BINARY_DOUBLE numeric, float4, float8, char, varchar, text
DATE date, timestamp, timestamptz, char, varchar, text
TIMESTAMP date, timestamp, timestamptz, char, varchar, text
TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE date, timestamp, timestamptz, char, varchar, text
TIMESTAMP WITH date, timestamp, timestamptz, char, varchar, text
LOCAL TIME ZONE
INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH interval, char, varchar, text
INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND interval, char, varchar, text
so the answer always relies in how complex is your data model.