with your command you are issuing a Certificate via HTTP-Challenge. Let's Encrypt doesn't support issuing Wildcard-Certificates via HTTP-Challenge.
Here is a link about challenge types supported by Let's Encrypt:
https://letsencrypt.org/docs/challenge-types/
For Wildcard-certs you need to issue the Certs via DNS-Challenge. Therefore you need API-Access to your hosting provider or dynamic dns provider. Certbot offeres some Plugins for some of them, here is a link to the Certbot-DNS-Plugins-Site: https://certbot.eff.org/docs/using.html#dns-plugins
If your provider isn't listed you can't issue Wildcard-Certs with Certbot. There are some other tools which supports DNS-Challenges for Let's Encrypt like acme.sh, here is a link to the Github-Repository: https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh
I hope I could help you with this information.
Bananenkönig