A running workflow adds task to a tasks list that specify the person assigned to each task. You can access this list using the listdata.svc(you can query the service) or lists.asmx service.
See Approval Workflow scenario on MSDN and this on how to locate custom tasks list
When a workflow template is installed on a site and associated with a document library, list, site, or content type, a site user can start an instance of a workflow.
The process starts when the workflow initiator selects a document and starts an instance of a workflow.
The initiator creates a workflow instance from this association.
The user customizes this new instance and starts it.
The running instance of the workflow adds a task to the task list of a participant.
The approval workflow that is used in this scenario assigns these tasks sequentially. However, you can assign tasks to many participants at the same time, which allows tasks to be performed in parallel.
Participants in the workflow can learn about tasks that the workflow has assigned to them by checking their task lists.
Each participant interacts with the running instance of the workflow to complete assigned tasks.