Problem with IP_HDRINCL?

Question

I already asked this question on raw IP packet implementation. But I didn't get any solutions.

My code:

if((s = WSASocket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_TCP, 0, 0, 0))==SOCKET_ERROR) // Socket 
    {
        printf("Creation of raw socket failed.");
        return 0;
    }
if(setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval))==SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("failed to set socket in raw mode.");
        return 0;
    }
if((sendto(s ,(char *) buf , sizeof(IPV4_HDR)+sizeof(TCP_HDR) + payload, 0,(SOCKADDR *)&dest, sizeof(dest)))==SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
    printf("Error sending Packet : %d",WSAGetLastError());
    break;
    }

Error:

WSAGetLastError() returns 10022:

Description:

An invalid argument (for example, an argument that specified an invalid level) was supplied to the setsockopt (Wsapiref_94aa.asp) function. Sometimes, it also refers to the current state of the sockets, for example, calling accept (Wsapiref_13aq.asp) on a socket that is not listening.

Commentary:

But I have set the correct option value and size.

What am I doing wrong? I am using Windows XP (SP3). In setsocketopt I tried IP_OPTIONS for that program it works fine and it sends IP Packets too. But in ethereal for every IP packet it generates ICMP packets from the destination.

How can I fix this?

Source code:

//raw tcp packet crafter

#include "stdio.h"
#include "winsock2.h"
#include "ws2tcpip.h"  //IP_HDRINCL is here
#include "conio.h"

typedef struct ip_hdr
{
    unsigned char  ip_header_len:4;  // 4-bit header length (in 32-bit words) normally=5 (Means 20 Bytes may be 24 also)
    unsigned char  ip_version   :4;  // 4-bit IPv4 version
    unsigned char  ip_tos;           // IP type of service
    unsigned short ip_total_length;  // Total length
    unsigned short ip_id;            // Unique identifier 

    unsigned char  ip_frag_offset   :5;        // Fragment offset field

    unsigned char  ip_more_fragment :1;
    unsigned char  ip_dont_fragment :1;
    unsigned char  ip_reserved_zero :1;

    unsigned char  ip_frag_offset1;    //fragment offset

    unsigned char  ip_ttl;           // Time to live
    unsigned char  ip_protocol;      // Protocol(TCP,UDP etc)
    unsigned short ip_checksum;      // IP checksum
    unsigned int   ip_srcaddr;       // Source address
    unsigned int   ip_destaddr;      // Source address
}   IPV4_HDR, *PIPV4_HDR, FAR * LPIPV4_HDR;

// TCP header
typedef struct tcp_header 
{ 
    unsigned short source_port;  // source port 
    unsigned short dest_port;    // destination port 
    unsigned int   sequence;     // sequence number - 32 bits 
    unsigned int   acknowledge;  // acknowledgement number - 32 bits 

    unsigned char  ns   :1;          //Nonce Sum Flag Added in RFC 3540.
    unsigned char  reserved_part1:3; //according to rfc
    unsigned char  data_offset:4;    /*The number of 32-bit words in the TCP header. 
                                       This indicates where the data begins. 
                                       The length of the TCP header is always a multiple 
                                       of 32 bits.*/

    unsigned char  fin  :1;      //Finish Flag
    unsigned char  syn  :1;      //Synchronise Flag
    unsigned char  rst  :1;      //Reset Flag
    unsigned char  psh  :1;      //Push Flag 
    unsigned char  ack  :1;      //Acknowledgement Flag 
    unsigned char  urg  :1;      //Urgent Flag

    unsigned char  ecn  :1;      //ECN-Echo Flag
    unsigned char  cwr  :1;      //Congestion Window Reduced Flag

    ////////////////////////////////

    unsigned short window;  // window 
    unsigned short checksum;  // checksum 
    unsigned short urgent_pointer;  // urgent pointer 
}   TCP_HDR , *PTCP_HDR , FAR * LPTCP_HDR , TCPHeader , TCP_HEADER;

int main()
{
    char host[100],buf[1000],*data=NULL,source_ip[20]; //buf is the complete packet
    SOCKET s;
    int k=1;

    IPV4_HDR *v4hdr=NULL;
    TCP_HDR  *tcphdr=NULL;

    int payload=512 ;
    int optval= 1;
    SOCKADDR_IN dest;
    hostent *server;

    //Initialise Winsock
    WSADATA wsock;
    printf("\nInitialising Winsock...");
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2),&wsock) != 0)
    {
        fprintf(stderr,"WSAStartup() failed");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 
    } 
    printf("Initialised successfully.");
    ////////////////////////////////////////////////

    //Create Raw TCP Packet
    printf("\nCreating Raw TCP Socket...");
    if((s = WSASocket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_TCP, 0, 0, 0))==SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("Creation of raw socket failed.");
        return 0;
    }
    printf("Raw TCP Socket Created successfully.");
    ////////////////////////////////////////////////

    //Put Socket in RAW Mode.
    printf("\nSetting the socket in RAW mode...");
    if(setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval))==SOCKET_ERROR)
    {
        printf("failed to set socket in raw mode.");
        return 0;
    }
    printf("Successful.");
    ////////////////////////////////////////////////
    //Target Hostname
    printf("\nEnter hostname : ");
    gets(host);
    printf("\nResolving Hostname...");
    if((server=gethostbyname(host))==0)
    {
        printf("Unable to resolve.");
        return 0;
    }
    dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
    dest.sin_port   = htons(8888);  //your destination port
    memcpy(&dest.sin_addr.s_addr,server->h_addr,server->h_length);
    printf("Resolved.");
    /////////////////////////////////////////////////

    printf("\nEnter Source IP : ");
    gets(source_ip);


    v4hdr = (IPV4_HDR *)buf;  //lets point to the ip header portion
    v4hdr->ip_version=4;
    v4hdr->ip_header_len=5;
    v4hdr->ip_tos    = 0;
    v4hdr->ip_total_length = htons ( sizeof(IPV4_HDR) + sizeof(TCP_HDR) + payload );
    v4hdr->ip_id     = htons(2);
    v4hdr->ip_frag_offset = 0;
    v4hdr->ip_frag_offset1 = 0;
    v4hdr->ip_reserved_zero = 0;
    v4hdr->ip_dont_fragment = 1;
    v4hdr->ip_more_fragment = 0;
    v4hdr->ip_ttl    = 8;
    v4hdr->ip_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
    v4hdr->ip_srcaddr  = inet_addr(source_ip);
    v4hdr->ip_destaddr = inet_addr(inet_ntoa(dest.sin_addr));
    v4hdr->ip_checksum = 0;

    tcphdr = (TCP_HDR *)&buf[sizeof(IPV4_HDR)]; //get the pointer to the tcp header in the packet

    tcphdr->source_port = htons(1234);
    tcphdr->dest_port = htons(8888);

    tcphdr->cwr=0;
    tcphdr->ecn=1;
    tcphdr->urg=0;
    tcphdr->ack=0;
    tcphdr->psh=0;
    tcphdr->rst=1;
    tcphdr->syn=0;
    tcphdr->fin=0;
    tcphdr->ns=1;

    tcphdr->checksum = 0;


    // Initialize the TCP payload to some rubbish
    data = &buf[sizeof(IPV4_HDR) + sizeof(TCP_HDR)];
    memset(data, '^', payload);


    printf("\nSending packet...\n");

    while(!_kbhit())
    {
        printf("  %d  packets send\r",k++);
        if((sendto(s ,(char *) buf , sizeof(IPV4_HDR)+sizeof(TCP_HDR) + payload, 0,(SOCKADDR *)&dest, sizeof(dest)))==SOCKET_ERROR)
        {
        printf("Error sending Packet : %d",WSAGetLastError());
        break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

It would help if you also showed the definition of the option value, "optval". — unwind, Mar 04 '09 at 12:44

nos · Answer 1 · 2011-06-07T22:28:28.320

You can't send data on a raw tcp socket in windows.

From here:

"Limitations on Raw Sockets

On Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP with Service Pack 2 (SP2), and Windows XP with Service Pack 3 (SP3), the ability to send traffic over raw sockets has been restricted in several ways:

TCP data cannot be sent over raw sockets.
UDP datagrams with an invalid source address cannot be sent over raw sockets. The IP source address for any outgoing UDP datagram must exist on a network interface or the datagram is dropped. This change was made to limit the ability of malicious code to create distributed denial-of-service attacks and limits the ability to send spoofed packets (TCP/IP packets with a forged source IP address).
A call to the bind function with a raw socket for the IPPROTO_TCP protocol is not allowed. "

score 1 · Answer 2 · answered Mar 04 '09 at 14:29

1

Well, seems you don't have a counterparty to send to.

You have created the socket and set its option, but then you need either listen for incoming connection (bind() + accept()) or connect() to other party.

Error description: Sometimes, it also refers to the current state of the sockets - I guess it's your case. Your socket is not in connected state so sendto() is invalid.

answered Mar 04 '09 at 14:29

qrdl

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binding raw socket with IPPROTO_TCP is not working. it works fine for IPPROTO_UDP,IPPROTO_IP,IPPROTO_ICMP,IPPROTO_IGMP – krishnakumar Mar 05 '09 at 09:00
I'd suggest to get a book on network programming - Unix Network Programming by Richard Stevens is the best. There should be something on raw sockets. – qrdl Mar 05 '09 at 10:49

score 0 · Answer 3 · edited May 23 '17 at 10:28

0

Btw, for reference, there is a discussion regarding 'optval', whether it is bool or int. Apparently 'int' is the better choice, but I've seen lots of examples with bool.

Set IP_HDRINCL to setsockopt function in win32

I had used 'bool' and my program worked fine on Windows XP. Now it doesn't work on Win 7, with the 10022 error code.

edited May 23 '17 at 10:28

Community

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1

answered Jun 07 '11 at 20:25

Mark Lakata

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Problem with IP_HDRINCL?

My code:

Error:

Description:

Commentary:

3 Answers3