I need to convert date from Google App Engine local server time zone to pacific time in Java.
I tried using
Calendar calstart =
Calendar.getInstance();
calstart.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("PST"));
//calstart.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("America/Los_Angeles"));
Date startTime = calstart.getTime();
but this gives me incorrect time (some 4pm when actual PST is 10pm). Also tried commented line America/Los_Angeles but gives incorrect time on GAE server.
Any thoughts/advice?
Using Joda Time, all you need is the DateTime.withZone method. Example below:
public static Date convertJodaTimezone(LocalDateTime date, String srcTz, String destTz) {
DateTime srcDateTime = date.toDateTime(DateTimeZone.forID(srcTz));
DateTime dstDateTime = srcDateTime.withZone(DateTimeZone.forID(destTz));
return dstDateTime.toLocalDateTime().toDateTime().toDate();
}
As an advice, never use the default API for time-related calculations. It is just awful. Joda seems to be the best replacement API around.
Never depend or rely on the server’s or host JVM’s current default time zone.
Always specify your desired/expected time zone explicitly, passed as optional argument.
The java.util.Calendar class is now legacy, supplanted by the java.time classes.
Get the current moment in UTC. The Instant class represents a moment on the timeline in UTC with a resolution of nanoseconds (up to nine (9) digits of a decimal fraction).
Instant instant = Instant.now();
instant.toString(): 2017-01-19T22:01:21.321Z
When you want to view that moment through the lens of a particular region’s wall-clock time, apply a ZoneId to get a ZonedDateTime.
Specify a proper time zone name in the format of continent/region, such as America/Montreal, Africa/Casablanca, or Pacific/Auckland. Never use the 3-4 letter abbreviation such as EST or PST or IST as they are not true time zones, not standardized, and not even unique(!).
ZoneId z = ZoneId.of( "America/Los_Angeles" );
ZonedDateTime zdt = instant.atZone( z );
zdt.toString(): 2017-01-19T14:01:21.321-08:00[America/Los_Angeles]
The java.time framework is built into Java 8 and later. These classes supplant the troublesome old legacy date-time classes such as java.util.Date, Calendar, & SimpleDateFormat.
To learn more, see the Oracle Tutorial. And search Stack Overflow for many examples and explanations. Specification is JSR 310.
The Joda-Time project, now in maintenance mode, advises migration to the java.time classes.
You may exchange java.time objects directly with your database. Use a JDBC driver compliant with JDBC 4.2 or later. No need for strings, no need for java.sql.* classes. Hibernate 5 & JPA 2.2 support java.time.
Where to obtain the java.time classes?
Unless you need that to do some calculations, thus you want to format this date to display it to end user, you may simply use DateFormat:
Date startTime = new Date(); // current date time
TimeZone pstTimeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone("America/Los_Angeles");
DateFormat formatter = DateFormat.getDateInstance(); // just date, you might want something else
formatter.setTimeZone(pstTimeZone);
String formattedDate = formatter.format(startTime);
However, if you really need to convert dates (which is really rare), you might want to use following code snippet:
TimeZone pacificTimeZone = TimeZone.getTimeZone("America/Los_Angeles");
long currentTime = new Date().getTime();
long convertedTime = currentTime +
pacificTimeZone.getOffset(currentTime);
This will give you number of milliseconds that passed since January 1st, 1970 in PST TimeZone. You can easily create Date object with this information.
If you need to perform date calculations quite often, you may want to use Apache Commons Lang's DateUtils. Or switch to JodaTime as mdrg suggested.
