With:
⎕←data←3 4⍴'a' 'b' 'c' 'd' 5 9 6 0 3 1 3 2
a b c d
5 9 6 0
3 1 3 2
You can extract the second row with:
2⌷data
5 9 6 0
Now grade it descending, that is, find the indices that would sort it from highest to lowest:
⍒2⌷data
2 3 1 4
The first number is the column we're looking for:
⊃⍒2⌷data
2
Now we can use this to extract the character from the first row:
data[⊂1,⊃⍒2⌷data]
b
But we only need the column index, not the actual character. The full index of the number we want to increase is:
2,⊃⍒2⌷data
2 2
Extracting the data to see that we got the right index:
data[⊂2,⊃⍒2⌷data]
9
Now we can either create a new array with the target value increased by 10%:
1.1×@(⊂2,⊃⍒2⌷data)⊢data
a b c d
5 9.9 6 0
3 1 3 2
Or change it in-place:
data[⊂2,⊃⍒2⌷data]×←1.1
data
a b c d
5 9.9 6 0
3 1 3 2
Try it online!