I've recently upgraded R on my Ubuntu 14.04 to version 3.6, but since then I can't install any package (tried many already, including "ape", "ggplot2", etc). I did the upgrade by removing the previous version of R, and installing the new one following the installation steps for Linux specific to my Ubuntu version (https://www.stats.bris.ac.uk/R/).
The error message I'm getting when installing a package is:
g++ -std=gnu++11 -shared -L/usr/lib/R/lib -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -o ape.so BIONJ.o NNI.o RcppExports.o SPR.o TBR.o additive.o ape.o bNNI.o bionjs.o bipartition.o bitsplits.o delta_plot.o dist_dna.o dist_nodes.o ewLasso.o heap.o mat_expo.o me.o me_balanced.o me_ols.o mvr.o mvrs.o nj.o njs.o pic.o plot_phylo.o prop_part.o rTrait.o read_dna.o reorder_Rcpp.o reorder_phylo.o treePop.o tree_build.o tree_phylo.o triangMtd.o triangMtds.o ultrametric.o -llapack -lblas -lgfortran -lm -lquadmath -L/usr/lib/R/lib -lR
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgfortran
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [ape.so] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘ape’
*removing ‘/home/myself/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/ape’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘ape’ had non-zero exit status
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/Rtmpd0FQfs/downloaded_packages’
I noticed that the error "/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgfortran" is common to all packages I'm trying to install, and I don't know what it means. In the case of "ggplot2", for example, the error is:
FY_SOURCE=2 -g -c tprs.c -o tprs.o
gcc -std=gnu99 -shared -L/usr/lib/R/lib -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -o mgcv.so coxph.o discrete.o gdi.o init.o magic.o mat.o matrix.o mgcv.o misc.o mvn.o qp.o soap.o sparse-smooth.o tprs.o -llapack -lblas -lgfortran -lm -lquadmath -fopenmp -L/usr/lib/R/lib -lR
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lgfortran
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [mgcv.so] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘mgcv’
*removing ‘/home/myself/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/mgcv’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘mgcv’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependency ‘mgcv’ is not available for package ‘ggplot2’
*removing ‘/home/myself/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.6/ggplot2’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘ggplot2’ had non-zero exit status
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/Rtmpd0FQfs/downloaded_packages’
Anyone would have an idea of how to solve it? That would be very much appreciated.
