In our Android project, we have several tens of C and CPP files which we #include through one container file for the build. The container file is listed in LOCAL_SRC_FILES, since that's what's compiled. However, when I edit one of the included .cpp files, that doesn't seem to trigger a build.
If I were in total control of the make file, I'd just include all those files as dependencies for the relevant compile step. However, android.mk handles making all those compile dependencies in general, so I don't know where to insert them.