A better Google term would be "strong password":
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password_strength
But most of the articles you will find will not be for the C language, and they will probably suggest using a regular expression.
It would probably not be too hard to write your own low-level code to do the check as others have suggested. That would save you the trouble of generating a dependency on some C-language regular expression library to use. However, there is an advantage in using a regular expression because it means that non-C programmers would have a better chance at updating the rule at a later date, and it may make errors less likely to boot. It depends on your particular situation.
(Also, if other parts of your C code need regular expressions, then linking one in might be something you're going to need to do anyway and you'd get it "for free"...)
In any case, this StackOverflow question has a link to a regex.h tutorial, and more may be added to it in the future:
C - pellucid regex.h use tutorial