Your binary data folder can be found here:
mysql> show variables like 'datadir';
There you will find the raw files. If you have innodb_file_per_table on, it'll be easy to find the file that corresponds to your table.
For comparison, pick an unencrypted table. Open the binary file in a text editor (ideally a HEX editor but text editor should do). You should be able to see, among the binary markers, content of your table in plain text.
Next, open an encrypted file - there is no way you can decode it without the keyring.