There may be a more elegant solution, but here I draw an extra cell on each side of the grid to handle the wraparound, so a 12x12 grid with 10x10 visible. See it run here: https://editor.p5js.org/rednoyz/full/uJCADfZXv
let dim = 10, sz;
let xoff = 0, yoff = 0;
function setup() {
createCanvas(400, 400);
sz = width/ dim;
}
function mouseDragged() {
xoff += mouseX - pmouseX;
yoff += mouseY - pmouseY;
}
function draw() {
background(255);
for (let i = 0; i < dim+2; i++) {
for (let j = 0; j < dim+2; j++) {
let x = ((xoff + j * sz) % (width+sz)) - sz;
if (x < -sz) x += width+sz;
let y = ((yoff + i * sz) % (height+sz)) - sz;
if (y < -sz) y += height+sz;
rect(x, y, sz, sz);
text(i * 10 + j, x + sz/2, y + sz/2);
}
}
}