Following lib-workaround helped to be able to launch the meld.exe as external git difftool:
Meld was expecting the certain dll-file called 'libgirepository-1.0-1.dll' in the wrong directory, the file libgirepository-1.0-1.dll needed to be copied from C:\Program Files (x86)\Meld\lib to the directory above C:\Program Files (x86)\Meld.
The result is that Meld is starting after the command 'git difftool' and after running the meld.exe in git bash, however, the following error occured:
2019-09-18 14:12:24,612 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.612: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,612 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.612: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,613 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.613: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,613 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.613: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,613 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.613: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,613 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.613: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,613 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.613: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,613 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.613: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,614 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.614: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,614 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.614: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,615 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.615: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,615 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.615: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,616 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.616: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,616 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.616: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,616 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.616: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,616 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.616: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,616 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.616: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,616 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.616: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,617 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.617: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:24,617 CRITICAL Gtk:
(meld.exe:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:24.617: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,202 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.201: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,203 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.203: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,203 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.203: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,203 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.203: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,204 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.204: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,204 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.204: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,205 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.205: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,205 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.205: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,205 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.205: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,206 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.206: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,207 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.207: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,499 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.499: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,499 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.499: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,499 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.499: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,499 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.499: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,499 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.499: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,500 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.500: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,500 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.500: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,500 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.500: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,500 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.500: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,500 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.500: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,501 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.501: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,538 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.538: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,540 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.540: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,540 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.540: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,542 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.541: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,542 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.542: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,543 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.543: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,543 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.543: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,543 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.543: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,543 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.543: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,543 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.543: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed
2019-09-18 14:12:26,544 CRITICAL Gtk:
(org.gnome.meld:20432): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 14:12:26.544: g_content_type_is_a: assertion 'type != NULL' failed