Somewhat of an odd question, but does anyone know what kind of sort MapReduce uses in the sort portion of shuffle/sort? I would think merge or insertion (in keeping with the whole MapReduce paradigm), but I'm not sure.
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It's Quicksort, afterwards the sorted intermediate outputs get merged together. Quicksort checks the recursion depth and gives up when it is too deep. If this is the case, Heapsort is used.
Have a look at the Quicksort class:
org.apache.hadoop.util.QuickSort
You can change the algorithm used via the map.sort.class value in the hadoop-default.xml.

Alexandre Dulaunoy
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Thomas Jungblut
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1This switch of sort technique is a standard hybrid sorting AFAIK. Its called IntroSort: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introsort – Yash Sharma Feb 20 '14 at 18:44