Laravel does not have an out of the box implementation that automatically maps routes to controller/actions. But if you really want this, it is not that hard to make a simple implementation.
For example:
Route::get('/{controller}/{action}', function ($controller,$action) {
return resolve("\\App\\Http\Controllers\\{$controller}Controller")->$action();
})->where('controller', '.*')->where('action', '.*');
Keep in mind, this example will not automatically inject objects in your action and url parameters are also not injected. You will have to write a bit more code to do this.