I don't see any point of making a web application in your case. Architecture of algorithmic trading systems is a broad subject but most of the time it's an application which is only connected to a market data provider and a broker. A trading system can be built as a web application for example for browsing portfolio, historical trades or when some external events trigger trades but you should focus on the strategy itself rather than on a time consuming UI.
You should learn some basics from books/online course depending on your programming language but I think that Python is a great choice for rapid prototyping of strategies. You can also try some existing platforms like Quantopian which can give a quick start for strategies testing.
Focus your efforts on thorough testing of the strategy because most of the time they look good on a paper but turn out to be an utter garbage in practice and without a strategy there is no need for an infrastructure.