No directly such API in Graph now. But you can try the permissions API and then try and some filter.
For CSOM:
using (var ctx = new ClientContext(sitrUrl))
{
//ctx.Credentials = Your Credentials
ctx.Load(ctx.Web, a => a.Lists);
ctx.ExecuteQuery();
List list = ctx.Web.Lists.GetByTitle("Documents");
var listItems = list.GetItems(CamlQuery.CreateAllItemsQuery());
//load all list items with default properties and HasUniqueRoleAssignments property
ctx.Load(listItems, a => a.IncludeWithDefaultProperties(b => b.HasUniqueRoleAssignments));
ctx.ExecuteQuery();
foreach (var item in listItems)
{
Console.WriteLine("List item: " + item["FileRef"].ToString());
if (item.HasUniqueRoleAssignments)
{
//load permissions if item has unique permission
ctx.Load(item, a => a.RoleAssignments.Include(roleAsg => roleAsg.Member.LoginName,
roleAsg => roleAsg.RoleDefinitionBindings.Include(roleDef => roleDef.Name,
roleDef => roleDef.Description)));
ctx.ExecuteQuery();
foreach (var roleAsg in item.RoleAssignments)
{
Console.WriteLine("User/Group: " + roleAsg.Member.LoginName);
List<string> roles = new List<string>();
foreach (var role in roleAsg.RoleDefinitionBindings)
{
roles.Add(role.Description);
}
Console.WriteLine("Permissions: " + string.Join(",", roles.ToArray()));
Console.WriteLine("----------------");
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("No unique permission found");
}
Console.WriteLine("###############");
}
}
https://www.morgantechspace.com/2017/09/get-item-level-permissions-sharepoint-csom.html
Or
public static void HasUniquePermission()
{
OfficeDevPnP.Core.AuthenticationManager authMgr = new OfficeDevPnP.Core.AuthenticationManager();
string siteUrl = "https://******.sharepoint.com/sites/DeveloperSite/";
string userName = "Sathish@********.onmicrosoft.com";
string password = "********";
using (var ctx = authMgr.GetSharePointOnlineAuthenticatedContextTenant(siteUrl, userName, password))
{
Web web = ctx.Web;
ctx.Load(web.Lists);
ctx.Load(web);
ctx.ExecuteQueryRetry();
List list = web.Lists.GetByTitle("D1");
ctx.Load(list);
ctx.Load(list, li => li.HasUniqueRoleAssignments);
ctx.ExecuteQuery();
System.Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToString(list.HasUniqueRoleAssignments));
}
}
http://www.sharepointpals.com/post/SharePoint-Office-365-How-to-Get-the-Lists-with-Unique-Permissions-Programmatically-C-CSOM