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I was reading answers to this this SO question explaining how the firewall will take certain actions dependent on the protocol data was sent over (such as FTP vs HTTP, etc.). In addition, the router will have the data rerouted differently dependent on whether it is UDP port X or TCP port X.

1) Is there a standard for encoding what protocol data was sent over in the data itself?

2) Are the protocols for all layers (1-7 in the OSI model) encoded in the message, or just certain layers such as transport layer and application layer?

user207421
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Mario Ishac
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  • (1) No; (2) no; (3) the OSI model does not apply to TCP/IP; (4) off topic. – user207421 Nov 15 '18 at 03:21
  • @user207421 If there is no standard, how can the protocol that the client uses be determined? – Mario Ishac Nov 15 '18 at 03:39
  • The protocol is associated with the port number. – user207421 Jan 31 '19 at 01:12
  • "_the router will have the data rerouted differently dependent on whether it is UDP port X or TCP port X._" Routers route packets based on the destination layer-3 address and its match in the routing table, not on the transport protocol address, which is not in the routing table. – Ron Maupin Feb 07 '19 at 23:31

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