You need to use a Jira app/plugin that can give you visibility of "requirement coverage". One of such apps is Xray Test Management for Jira.
In Xray you start by creating a user story/requirement as an issue. The respective issue type (e.g. Story, Requirement, Feature) needs to be configured to be handled as a requirement as detailed here.
Then from the requirement/user story issue screen you can create test cases to validate/cover it; this, however, would apply more to manual scripted test cases.
In the case of automation, depending on the automation framework you'll be using, you would implement the automated tests code (outside Jira) and submit the results back to Jira/Xray; that would auto-provision Test issues, one per each automated test. These Tests can then be linked (i.e. cover) to existing requirements, allowing you to track coverage right from the respective requirement issue screen.
The requirement/story starts initially by being "UNCOVERED", it gets to "NOTRUN" and finally to "OK" or "NOK"; it's a bit more than this actually, you can see the details here.
Coverage in Xray is multi-dimensional, allowing you to analyze the results from multiple perspectives (e.g. versions, test environments, etc), as detailed here.
Analyzing coverage can be done from a high-level perspective, using the Overall Requirement Coverage report; this provides a birds-eye perspective of the current status of your project => if you see all your requirements green, you'll know that the related Tests are passing... so in theory, they should be OK.
In Xray docs you may find a tutorial for AngularJS that describes the process of submitting automation results.