Use a shell of some sort (Run -> cmd) and browse to the /platform-tools/ directory inside the place you installed the Android SDK Tools.
Shut down Eclipse, unplug your device and try running:
adb kill-server
adb start-server
Plug it back in and run
adb devices
If you can see it, good. Now run:
adb logcat -c
adb logcat
This will flush the current logcat output and then show the logcat output in the shell as it updates (do something on the device and the log will update). Stop it with Ctrl-C and restart Eclipse.
This has helped for me sometimes.
Also, rebooting helps.
I have another similar issue over here which I haven't found an answer to yet: Device going offline randomly (and appearing multiple times as offline) in Eclipse - fixes?
Hope some of it helps.