I hope I did not misread the question, but this really sounds like you're looking for --test_timeout
option:
--test_timeout
(a single integer or comma-separated list of 4 integers; default: "-1")
Override the default test timeout values for test timeouts (in secs). If a
single positive integer value is specified it will override all
categories. If 4 comma-separated integers are specified, they will
override the timeouts for short, moderate, long and eternal (in that
order). In either form, a value of -1 tells blaze to use its default
timeouts for that category.
If you want to use the same option(s) every time, you can save yourself some typing by using bazelrc.