Text literals are enclosed in single quotes, not double quotes; all of your values are being interpreted as identifiers, and the context means they're seen as column identifiers (names), hence the error.
So the short answer is to change the double quotes to single quotes:
Insert into words values ('G'day', 'Yes',' Nice to meet you');
but as your values actually contain single quotes, you either need to escape those by doubling them up:
Insert into words values ('G''day', 'Yes',' Nice to meet you');
or use the alternative quoting mechanism (described in the documentation linked to above), with a delimiter that won't appear in the actual text, e.g:
Insert into words values (q'[G'day]', 'Yes',' Nice to meet you');