You can't. At least not directly. In order to mount volumes, the computer that runs the docker daemon needs access to those files and this cannot be done with the client alone while the container runs.
If it's a one off or you won't modify the files while the container is running, you could first make a named volume with those files by using docker cp
as described in this answer.
To be able to edit you python code while the container runs, you'd need some other way to make your code accessible by the docker daemon. For example, you could share the files from your Windows computer using CIFS. Performance would be substantially impacted.
The solution to this problem is often to run the container right on your Windows computer (e.g. via Docker Desktop for Windows)