Google Cloud Shell auto disconnect because you didn't do anything in the Cloudshell's terminal! So to keep the cloudshell session alive, you can enter the following javascript code to the browser's javascript console
setInterval(function() {document.elementFromPoint(500, 500).click();}, 30000);
That's the trick!
P/S: If you want to use Jupyter Notebook, why you don't use Google Colab instead? It has a pre-installed Jupyter Notebook as well as more CPU and ram. You can use the same js for Colab!
UPDATE: you can try Cloud Shell SDK, then connect to Google Cloud Shell by gcloud cloud-shell ssh
, which is much faster than the web interface, allow port forwarding (based on ssh), and have a longer time limit.
You can even connect to it using VSCode.