the way to include a library in the Arduino makefile if you are using it in a sketch is to write into the makefile the line:
ARDUINO_LIBS = Library1 Library2
where Library1 and Library2 are the libraries that you are using in your sketch (make sure libraries are separated by a space). Note that ARDUINO_LIBS assumes that you are referencing the standard Arduino libraries which for Linux is located in: /usr/share/arduino/libraries
Also, if you are using a library that is not located in the standard Arduino libraries directory, you could make another libraries directory containing your nonstandard Arduino library. Then just use the following line in your makefile:
USER_LIB_PATH = /home/.../libraries