I am stuck with a problem about interface covariance and contravariance. I have two generic interfaces:
public interface IConfigConsumer<T> where T : IConfiguration
{
void Load(T configuration);
}
public interface IConfigProvider<out T> where T : IConfiguration
{
T Configuration { get; }
}
IConfiguration is just an empty interface (marker). There is a third interface:
public interface IConfigurable<T> : IConfigConsumer<T>, IConfigProvider<T>
where T : IConfiguration
{
void Reset();
}
I would like to have a list with all the IConfigurable implementations (regardless of the concrete type of T). Since IConfigProvider is covariant I can have a list of IConfigProviders, but IConfigConsumer is invariant so I can't have a List like this:
var consumers = new List<IConfigConsumer<IConfiguration>>();
The best would be to have a list of IConfigurable<IConfiguration>
since I will need the functionalities defined in both interfaces.
I just can't find a way to do this.
A workaround could be to just get rid of the type parameter in the IConfigConsumer interface and define the Load method as follows:
void Load(IConfiguration configuration)
But that would "hurt" the type safety a little bit since I could Load a type ConfigA into a ConfigConsumer that expects ConfigB and it would throw an exception only in runtime when I would try and cast it to ConfigB in the Load method.
Here is my complete sample code:
public interface IConfiguration
{
}
public interface IConfigurable<T> : IConfigConsumer<T>, IConfigProvider<T>
where T : IConfiguration
{
void Reset();
}
public interface IConfigConsumer<T> where T : IConfiguration
{
void Load(T configuration);
}
public interface IConfigProvider<out T> where T : IConfiguration
{
T Configuration { get; }
}
public abstract class ConfigBase : IConfiguration { }
public class TimeSynchronizationConfig : ConfigBase, ICloneable
{
public static string[] DefaultNtpServers = new string[] { "0.pool.ntp.org", "time1.google.com" };
public string NTPServer1 { get; set; } = DefaultNtpServers[0];
public string NTPServer2 { get; set; } = DefaultNtpServers[1];
public object Clone()
{
return new TimeSynchronizationConfig
{
NTPServer1 = NTPServer1,
NTPServer2 = NTPServer2
};
}
}
public class DataPruningConfig : ConfigBase, ICloneable
{
public const int DefaultPruningThresholdHours = 72;
public int PruningThresholdHours { get; set; }
public DataPruningConfig()
{
PruningThresholdHours = DefaultPruningThresholdHours;
}
public DataPruningConfig(int pruningThresholdHours)
{
PruningThresholdHours = pruningThresholdHours;
}
public object Clone()
{
return new DataPruningConfig(PruningThresholdHours);
}
}
public class A : IConfigurable<TimeSynchronizationConfig>
{
public TimeSynchronizationConfig Configuration => new TimeSynchronizationConfig();
public void Load(TimeSynchronizationConfig configuration)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public void Reset()
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
public class B : IConfigurable<DataPruningConfig>
{
public DataPruningConfig Configuration => new DataPruningConfig();
public void Load(DataPruningConfig configuration)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public void Reset()
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var configurables = new List<IConfigurable<IConfiguration>>();
var a = new A();
var b = new B();
configurables.Add(a);
configurables.Add(b);
ProcessConfigurables(configurables);
}
static void ProcessConfigurables(IEnumerable<IConfigurable<IConfiguration>> configurables)
{
foreach (var c in configurables)
{
}
}
}
I started to doubt what I want is even possible. Do you have any idea? Thank you in advance for all your help!