You are probably looking for the Sketchup::Entities::add_dimension_linear method.
http://ruby.sketchup.com/Sketchup/Entities.html#add_dimension_linear-instance_method
Assuming a
and b
below are edges
voffset = [-20, 0, 0]
Sketchup.active_model.entities.add_dimension_linear(a.start, b.start, voffset)
The value of voffset
controls not just how far offset the dimension is, but also the axis along which the measurement is made. You may need to experiment with different values to get a feeling for how that determination is done. As with many things in SketchUp, it often guesses (or 'infers') at what you want.