From this article: Test agent, Test Controller and MSTEST FAQ (Qustion 21), it should be also applied to VS test.
Will Test Agents allow you to impersonate another user? Or does the
Test Agent always kick of tests as the user its configured start up
as?
There is no built in support for impersonation, so by default tests
run under the identity of the test agent. If this is something you
really need, you could write a unit test extension that does the
impersonation for you.
So, we can not specify the user in the "Visual Studio Test" step, the test will running with the agent, you can try to change the agent service account to the specific account of the user. Or deploy a new agent to run with the specific account, Reference : Running Unit Tests on different machine during TFS 2015 build