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Many names of things on Linux are easy for me to remember if I know where they stem from (for example, cd standing for change directory).

The -R in pacman -R package_name obviously stands for "remove", but what does the -S stand for in pacman -S package_name? I guess it could be install, but that doesn't explain the capitalization, and it's also a weird letter to choose, as opposted to -I or some such.

Andrew Quinn
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It's short for "sync". From pacman(8):

-S, --sync

Synchronize packages. Packages are installed directly from the remote repositories, including all dependencies required to run the packages. [...]

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