The problem appeared due to glibc upgrade to 2.27 version. There were changes in locale (alt names support). Buildroot's host version of localedef utility, which is used to compile locales, is uncompatible with locale definitions in new glibc.
You could downgrade glibc back to 2.26 for the workarond:
diff --git a/package/glibc/glibc.hash b/package/glibc/glibc.hash
index 1fab3a245c..150ba4a375 100644
--- a/package/glibc/glibc.hash
+++ b/package/glibc/glibc.hash
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
# Locally calculated (fetched from Github)
sha256 33189b3f10c88730a1f686fac794bc01f31765f12ffd75bc5e8a0f2a690d217a glibc-glibc-2.27-57-g6c99e37f6fb640a50a3113b2dbee5d5389843c1e.tar.gz
+sha256 0766875391224153502c5542a71b6e46db53b44691078b3130e1a0df41586430 glibc-glibc-2.26-107-g73a92363619e52c458146e903dfb9b1ba823aa40.tar.gz
# Locally calculated (fetched from Github)
sha256 ddc63360393ab88ab6a4a0c81d33481f34c5a9ebd758eec2e6bb35385058b4cb glibc-arc-2018.03-rc2.tar.gz
diff --git a/package/glibc/glibc.mk b/package/glibc/glibc.mk
index f764b5da9c..ecab623a1a 100644
--- a/package/glibc/glibc.mk
+++ b/package/glibc/glibc.mk
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ GLIBC_SITE = $(call github,foss-for-synopsys-dwc-arc-processors,glibc,$(GLIBC_VE
else
# Generate version string using:
# git describe --match 'glibc-*' --abbrev=40 origin/release/MAJOR.MINOR/master
-GLIBC_VERSION = glibc-2.27-57-g6c99e37f6fb640a50a3113b2dbee5d5389843c1e
+GLIBC_VERSION = glibc-2.26-107-g73a92363619e52c458146e903dfb9b1ba823aa40
# Upstream doesn't officially provide an https download link.
# There is one (https://sourceware.org/git/glibc.git) but it's not reliable,
# sometimes the connection times out. So use an unofficial github mirror.