I'm writing an Android application under Python 2.7 using the Kivy library and buildozer to build/deploy it to the Android device. The device in question is an Asus ZenPad 3s 10, with the debugging options turned on. It is NOT rooted, as I understand this device can't be rooted at the moment.
I can build the apk, but when I run buildozer android deploy run logcat > log.txt, the application never gets past the Kivy splashscreen on the tablet, with the only message being "ETS Demo has stopped".
In the log, the cause of the problem seems to me to be given by the lines:
--------- beginning of crash
08-03 18:39:41.807 441 441 F libc : unable to stat file for the executable "/system/bin/sh": Permission denied
08-03 18:39:41.807 441 441 F libc : Fatal signal 6 (SIGABRT), code -6 in tid 441 (sh)
08-03 18:39:41.807 441 441 F libc : Unable to open connection to debuggerd: Connection refused
I don't know what these mean, and I haven't been able to find anyone with a similar problem. Any help would be greatly appreciated!
Here is my buildozer.spec file:
[app]
# (str) Title of your application
title = ETS Demo
# (str) Package name
package.name = etsdemo
# (str) Package domain (needed for android/ios packaging)
package.domain = org.innodem
# (str) Source code where the main.py live
source.dir = .
# (list) Source files to include (let empty to include all the files)
source.include_exts = py,png,jpg,kv,atlas,dat
# (list) List of inclusions using pattern matching
#source.include_patterns = assets/*,images/*.png
# (list) Source files to exclude (let empty to not exclude anything)
#source.exclude_exts = spec
# (list) List of directory to exclude (let empty to not exclude anything)
#source.exclude_dirs = tests, bin
# (list) List of exclusions using pattern matching
#source.exclude_patterns = license,images/*/*.jpg
# (str) Application versioning (method 1)
version = 0.1
# (str) Application versioning (method 2)
# version.regex = __version__ = ['"](.*)['"]
# version.filename = %(source.dir)s/main.py
# (list) Application requirements
# comma seperated e.g. requirements = sqlite3,kivy
requirements = kivy,numpy,scipy,dlib,opencv,scikit-image,scikit-learn,imutils
# (str) Custom source folders for requirements
# Sets custom source for any requirements with recipes
# requirements.source.kivy = ../../kivy
# (list) Garden requirements
#garden_requirements =
# (str) Presplash of the application
#presplash.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/presplash.png
# (str) Icon of the application
#icon.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/icon.png
# (str) Supported orientation (one of landscape, portrait or all)
orientation = landscape
# (list) List of service to declare
#services = NAME:ENTRYPOINT_TO_PY,NAME2:ENTRYPOINT2_TO_PY
#
# OSX Specific
#
#
# author = © Copyright Info
# change the major version of python used by the app
osx.python_version = 3
# Kivy version to use
osx.kivy_version = 1.9.1
#
# Android specific
#
# (bool) Indicate if the application should be fullscreen or not
fullscreen = 1
# (string) Presplash background color (for new android toolchain)
# Supported formats are: #RRGGBB #AARRGGBB or one of the following names:
# red, blue, green, black, white, gray, cyan, magenta, yellow, lightgray,
# darkgray, grey, lightgrey, darkgrey, aqua, fuchsia, lime, maroon, navy,
# olive, purple, silver, teal.
#android.presplash_color = #FFFFFF
# (list) Permissions
android.permissions = CAMERA,READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
# (int) Android API to use
#android.api = 19
# (int) Minimum API required
#android.minapi = 9
# (int) Android SDK version to use
#android.sdk = 20
# (str) Android NDK version to use
#android.ndk = 9c
# (bool) Use --private data storage (True) or --dir public storage (False)
#android.private_storage = True
# (str) Android NDK directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.)
#android.ndk_path =
# (str) Android SDK directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.)
#android.sdk_path =
# (str) ANT directory (if empty, it will be automatically downloaded.)
#android.ant_path =
# (bool) If True, then skip trying to update the Android sdk
# This can be useful to avoid excess Internet downloads or save time
# when an update is due and you just want to test/build your package
# android.skip_update = False
# (str) Android entry point, default is ok for Kivy-based app
#android.entrypoint = org.renpy.android.PythonActivity
# (list) Pattern to whitelist for the whole project
#android.whitelist =
# (str) Path to a custom whitelist file
#android.whitelist_src =
# (str) Path to a custom blacklist file
#android.blacklist_src =
# (list) List of Java .jar files to add to the libs so that pyjnius can access
# their classes. Don't add jars that you do not need, since extra jars can slow
# down the build process. Allows wildcards matching, for example:
# OUYA-ODK/libs/*.jar
#android.add_jars = foo.jar,bar.jar,path/to/more/*.jar
# (list) List of Java files to add to the android project (can be java or a
# directory containing the files)
#android.add_src =
# (list) Android AAR archives to add (currently works only with sdl2_gradle
# bootstrap)
#android.add_aars =
# (list) Gradle dependencies to add (currently works only with sdl2_gradle
# bootstrap)
#android.gradle_dependencies =
# (str) python-for-android branch to use, defaults to master
#p4a.branch = stable
# (str) OUYA Console category. Should be one of GAME or APP
# If you leave this blank, OUYA support will not be enabled
#android.ouya.category = GAME
# (str) Filename of OUYA Console icon. It must be a 732x412 png image.
#android.ouya.icon.filename = %(source.dir)s/data/ouya_icon.png
# (str) XML file to include as an intent filters in <activity> tag
#android.manifest.intent_filters =
# (list) Android additionnal libraries to copy into libs/armeabi
#android.add_libs_armeabi = libs/android/*.so
#android.add_libs_armeabi_v7a = libs/android-v7/*.so
#android.add_libs_x86 = libs/android-x86/*.so
#android.add_libs_mips = libs/android-mips/*.so
# (bool) Indicate whether the screen should stay on
# Don't forget to add the WAKE_LOCK permission if you set this to True
#android.wakelock = False
# (list) Android application meta-data to set (key=value format)
#android.meta_data =
# (list) Android library project to add (will be added in the
# project.properties automatically.)
#android.library_references =
# (str) Android logcat filters to use
#android.logcat_filters = *:S python:D
# (bool) Copy library instead of making a libpymodules.so
#android.copy_libs = 1
# (str) The Android arch to build for, choices: armeabi-v7a, arm64-v8a, x86
android.arch = armeabi-v7a
#
# Python for android (p4a) specific
#
# (str) python-for-android git clone directory (if empty, it will be automatically cloned from github)
#p4a.source_dir =
# (str) The directory in which python-for-android should look for your own build recipes (if any)
#p4a.local_recipes =
# (str) Filename to the hook for p4a
#p4a.hook =
# (str) Bootstrap to use for android builds
p4a.bootstrap = sdl2
#
# iOS specific
#
# (str) Path to a custom kivy-ios folder
#ios.kivy_ios_dir = ../kivy-ios
# (str) Name of the certificate to use for signing the debug version
# Get a list of available identities: buildozer ios list_identities
#ios.codesign.debug = "iPhone Developer: <lastname> <firstname> (<hexstring>)"
# (str) Name of the certificate to use for signing the release version
#ios.codesign.release = %(ios.codesign.debug)s
[buildozer]
# (int) Log level (0 = error only, 1 = info, 2 = debug (with command output))
log_level = 2
# (int) Display warning if buildozer is run as root (0 = False, 1 = True)
warn_on_root = 1
# (str) Path to build artifact storage, absolute or relative to spec file
# build_dir = ./.buildozer
# (str) Path to build output (i.e. .apk, .ipa) storage
# bin_dir = ./bin
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# List as sections
#
# You can define all the "list" as [section:key].
# Each line will be considered as a option to the list.
# Let's take [app] / source.exclude_patterns.
# Instead of doing:
#
#[app]
#source.exclude_patterns = license,data/audio/*.wav,data/images/original/*
#
# This can be translated into:
#
#[app:source.exclude_patterns]
#license
#data/audio/*.wav
#data/images/original/*
#
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Profiles
#
# You can extend section / key with a profile
# For example, you want to deploy a demo version of your application without
# HD content. You could first change the title to add "(demo)" in the name
# and extend the excluded directories to remove the HD content.
#
#[app@demo]
#title = My Application (demo)
#
#[app:source.exclude_patterns@demo]
#images/hd/*
#
# Then, invoke the command line with the "demo" profile:
#
#buildozer --profile demo android debug
And here is the log file
# Check configuration tokens
# Ensure build layout
# Check configuration tokens
# Preparing build
# Check requirements for android
# Run 'dpkg --version'
# Cwd None
Debian 'dpkg' package management program version 1.18.4 (amd64).
This is free software; see the GNU General Public License version 2 or
later for copying conditions. There is NO warranty.
# Search for Git (git)
# -> found at /usr/bin/git
# Search for Cython (cython)
# -> found at /usr/local/bin/cython
# Search for Java compiler (javac)
# -> found at /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac
# Search for Java keytool (keytool)
# -> found at /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/keytool
# Install platform
# Run 'pip install -q --user "appdirs" "colorama>=0.3.3" "sh>=1.10" "jinja2" "six"'
# Cwd None
# Apache ANT found at /home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform/apache-ant-1.9.4
# Android SDK found at /home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk-20
# Android NDK found at /home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform/android-ndk-r9c
# Check application requirements
# Check garden requirements
# Compile platform
# Run '/usr/bin/python -m pythonforandroid.toolchain create --dist_name=etsdemo --bootstrap=sdl2 --requirements=kivy,numpy,scipy,dlib,opencv,scikit-image,scikit-learn,imutils --arch armeabi-v7a --copy-libs --color=always --storage-dir=/home/alexandre/Desktop/Demo/.buildozer/android/platform/build'
# Cwd /home/alexandre/Desktop/Demo/.buildozer/android/platform/python-for-android-master
# Run '/home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk-20/platform-tools/adb devices'
# Cwd None
List of devices attached
* daemon not running. starting it now at tcp:5037 *
* daemon started successfully *
H1NPCV026140PM7 device
# Deploy on H1NPCV026140PM7
# Run '/home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk-20/platform-tools/adb install -r "/home/alexandre/Desktop/Demo/bin/ETSDemo-0.1-debug.apk"'
# Cwd /home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform
# Application pushed.
# Run on H1NPCV026140PM7
# Run '/home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk-20/platform-tools/adb shell am start -n org.innodem.etsdemo/org.kivy.android.PythonActivity -a org.kivy.android.PythonActivity'
# Cwd /home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform
Starting: Intent { act=org.kivy.android.PythonActivity cmp=org.innodem.etsdemo/org.kivy.android.PythonActivity }
# Application started.
# Run 'dpkg --version'
# Cwd None
Debian 'dpkg' package management program version 1.18.4 (amd64).
This is free software; see the GNU General Public License version 2 or
later for copying conditions. There is NO warranty.
# Search for Git (git)
# -> found at /usr/bin/git
# Search for Cython (cython)
# -> found at /usr/local/bin/cython
# Search for Java compiler (javac)
# -> found at /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/bin/javac
# Search for Java keytool (keytool)
# -> found at /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/keytool
# Run '/home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform/android-sdk-20/platform-tools/adb logcat '
# Cwd /home/alexandre/.buildozer/android/platform
--------- beginning of crash
08-03 18:39:41.807 441 441 F libc : unable to stat file for the executable "/system/bin/sh": Permission denied
08-03 18:39:41.807 441 441 F libc : Fatal signal 6 (SIGABRT), code -6 in tid 441 (sh)
08-03 18:39:41.807 441 441 F libc : Unable to open connection to debuggerd: Connection refused
08-03 18:39:41.827 449 449 F libc : unable to stat file for the executable "/system/bin/sh": Permission denied
08-03 18:39:41.827 449 449 F libc : Fatal signal 6 (SIGABRT), code -6 in tid 449 (sh)
08-03 18:39:41.827 449 449 F libc : Unable to open connection to debuggerd: Connection refused
08-03 18:39:41.840 451 451 F libc : unable to stat file for the executable "/system/bin/sh": Permission denied
08-03 18:39:41.840 451 451 F libc : Fatal signal 6 (SIGABRT), code -6 in tid 451 (sh)
08-03 18:39:41.840 451 451 F libc : Unable to open connection to debuggerd: Connection refused
EDIT:
Here is a link to the full log: https://www.dropbox.com/s/1jpg2jx2ddxqul0/log.txt?dl=0
I am building on Ubuntu 16.04. My hardware specs are as follow:
- Memory: 16.6 GiB
- Processor: Intel Core i7-4790 CPU @ 3.60GHz x 8
- Graphics: Gallium 0.4 on NV126
- OS type: 64-bit
The tablet I am trying to deploy to is running Android 7.0. I can't say much about the app as I am under an NDA, but it involves facial feature recognition using the mobile device's camera. I am not using scipy directly, but I included it in the requirements list because other libraries I am using depend on it.
I'm having issues getting an emulator to work on my system. I'll update the post as soon as I get it working.
