I am not sure if you are still looking for an answer. But here it is. You are first setting the HADOOP_CLASSPATH and then call the executable "hadoop" with jar options to look for phoenix client jar and the class to run with parameters.
The following can help you to understand hadoop command usage (try typing hadoop on your ssh shell)
Usage: hadoop [--config confdir] [COMMAND | CLASSNAME]
CLASSNAME run the class named CLASSNAME
or
where COMMAND is one of:
fs run a generic filesystem user client
version print the version
jar <jar> run a jar file
note: please use "yarn jar" to launch
YARN applications, not this command.
checknative [-a|-h] check native hadoop and compression libraries availability
distcp <srcurl> <desturl> copy file or directories recursively
envvars display computed Hadoop environment variables
archive -archiveName NAME -p <parent path> <src>* <dest> create a hadoop archive
classpath prints the class path needed to get the
credential interact with credential providers
Hadoop jar and the required libraries
daemonlog get/set the log level for each daemon
trace view and modify Hadoop tracing settings
Most commands print help when invoked w/o parameters.