This can be done. Begin by noticing that your formula is so simple that you
Can easily solve for multiplier1 as a function of:
outcome divided by (number times multiplier2)
Next get tricky by adding a 1 pixel wide column that will contain your formula
for outcome to the right of (now an input not a formula) the original
outcome column.
Similarly add a 1 pixel wide col to the right of multiplier1 that contains
your new formula for multiplier1. Adjust data validation on original input
cells for multiplier1 and outcome to allow only one of the two to be
entered at a time (use isblank function appropriately in an excel custom data
validation rule for each cell).
Finally right align the two 1 pixel wide cells so that their calculated values
appear within the corresponding enterable cells when they are blank.
Yes it's tricky but it works.
Sorry this is just an outline but I have used this in an application and it
works great. No vba, so undo redo don't break. Try it you'll like it.