Fuzzy Logic allows the user to define rules and determine the output based on the rules and membership functions. It does not require a data-set for learning (I know it doesn't learn. There is a learning version called neuro-fuzzy-systems). I find it very useful in some of my projects because I have more control when using fuzzy logic than using a machine learning algorithm. For example when I want something to work based on certain rules, but still with some uncertainty and intelligence.
What I want to know is, are there any similar AI/Machine Learning techniques in which I can define some rules (as guidance) but also it should have some intelligence beyond some if-else rules. Is there any other techniques similar to fuzzy logic?