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I know input equations are the equations that algebraically represent the combinational circuit input of the JK flip flop. I also know characteristic equation represents next state as a function of inputs and present state. But What is a state equation? What is the difference between these three? State equation and characteristic equation seems to have identical definitions.

Ciado
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From what I have gathered after going through a textbook by Morris-Mano, you could make a sequential circuit using any type of flip-flop. Each flip-flop has its own characteristic equations that describe how the inputs and the present state dictate the next state.

In any sequential circuit, knowing the next state of a flip-flop is of essence. The inputs to the flip-flop might be the output some combinational circuit. The equations that describe the inputs are called input equations.

Knowing both the characteristic equations and input equations will enable you to predict the next state of the various flip-flops in your circuit. The characteristic and input equations can be condensed into state equations. These state equations will relate the inputs to the sequential circuit with the outputs of the flip-flop.

Note the distinction between characteristic and state equations. A characteristic equation relates the inputs to the flip-flop (and not to the sequential circuit) with the output of the flip-flop.

FEFFWF
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